Laryngeal mask forbidden
03 forbidden
(1) Absolute taboo
1. Patients without fasting and delayed gastric emptying.
2. Risk of reflux and aspiration: such as hiatal hernia, pregnancy, intestinal obstruction, acute abdomen, chest injury, severe trauma, and a history of gastric contents reflux.
3. Airway obstruction may occur after anesthesia in patients with tracheal compression and tracheomalacia.
4. Obesity, oropharyngeal diseases, COPD, and pregnancy over 14 weeks.
5. Small mouth opening, throat mask can not pass.
(2) Relative taboos
1. Patients with low lung compliance or high lung resistance: such patients are usually ventilated with positive pressure (25 to 30cmH2O), and leakage around the ventilation mask and entry of anesthetic gas into the stomach are common.
2. Throat lesions: patients with throat abscesses, hematoma, edema, tissue damage and tumors. Laryngeal lesions may cause upper airway obstruction.
3. The respiratory tract is not easy to approach or some special positions: such as prone, lateral lying and the anesthesiologist away from the operating table. When the LMA is displaced or prolapse, vomiting and regurgitation, the physician cannot immediately perform endotracheal intubation and other procedures.
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